Editing Elder Speech

__NOTOC__
'''Hen llinge''' is the language of [[Aen Seidhe]] elves. As it is one of the oldest languages still in use, it is referred to as the '''Old''' or '''Elder Speech''' while the lingua franca is [[Common Speech]]. It is used currently not only by elves, but also by mages and scholars. Sung versions of Elder Speech are used by [[dryad]]s, [[siren]]s and [[nereid]]s. [[Nilfgaardian dialect|Nilfgaardian]] and [[Skellige dialect|Skellige]] dialects both derive from Elder Speech.

Its vocabulary is based heavily on the Gaelic and Celtic languages of Ireland, Scotland and Wales, although in some cases [[Andrzej Sapkowski|Sapkowski]] has used also connotations with more "popular" tongues, like German and English. The two basic verbs, 'to be' and 'to have', are borrowed from Italian and Latin.<ref name="interview1">''[http://web.archive.org/web/20071215043502/http://www.sapkowski.pl/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=453 "Nie bądź, kurwa, taki Geralt" - community interview]''</ref>

<font size="1">Old Speech - Polish original text on [http://web.archive.org/web/20140324172408/http://www.sapkowski.pl/modules.php?op=modload&name=Companion&file=index&func=slownik Andrzej Sapkowski Zone]</font>

== Dictionary ==
It should be noted that spelling of some words vary throughout the novels, due to dialectal differences or just author's mistakes.

{|cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0"  width="95%" style="margin:auto;"
|-
| align="center" | [[File:Journal Glossary.png|Elder Speech dictionary]]
|-
| align="center" | '''[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]] {{*}} [[#Names|Names]] {{*}} [[#Phrases|Phrases]]'''
|}

=== A ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| a’báeth
| kiss
|-
| a’taeghane
| today
|-
| aard
| misspeling of "ard"
|-
| aark, aark
| phonetic presentation of the sound ravens/crows make
|-
| abb
| river mouth
|-
| addan, adan
| dance; dancer; dancing
|-
| aé
| ''first person singular subject personal pronoun'' I ([[dryad dialect]])
|-
| aedd
| shard
|-
| aefder
| later, after
|-
| aen
| ''indefinite pronoun'' one, ones; of; for; from; to
|-
| aen’drean
| enter?
|-
| [[aenye]]
| fire, fiery
|-
| aep
| in; of; son of; appears to be just general genitive, not marking solely hereditary ties
|-
| aép
| in, to
|-
| aesledde
| ride on a sledge/sled
|-
| aespar
| shoot (verb.)
|-
| aëte
| summer
|-
| aevon
| river
|-
| aine
| light (possibly ''enlightened'')
|-
| an
| small, minor, vague
|-
| an’givare
| informer, spy
|-
| ard
| up; upper; high; top; mountain; mountainous
|-
| arse
| arse (UK), ass (US), butt
|}

=== B <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180 class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| ban
| peak?
|-
| beanna
| woman
|-
| beann’shie
| [[Beann'shie (creature)|beann'shie]], or banshee
|-
| blath
| flower
|-
| blathan
| garland; flowers
|-
| blathanna
| Seems to be genitive: flowers', of flowers
|-
| [[blathe]]
| the fifth [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]; possibly 'flowering'?
|-
| bleidd
| wolf
|-
| bloed
| blood
|-
| bloede
| bloody, damn
|-
| Brokiloéne
| of Brokilon, Brokiloni
|}

=== C <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| caed
| forest; grove
|-
| cáelm
| calm, peaceful, quiet; slowly, quietly; calm, quieten
|-
| cáemm
| come, go
|-
| caen
| can (verb)
|-
| caer
| castle; keep
|-
| cáerme
| fate, destiny
|-
| carn
| kurgan; barrow; burial mound
|-
| carraigh
| rock
|-
| ceádmil
| greet (in [[The Witcher (computer game)|game]] appears as ''caed'mil; also as caedmill''), greetings
|-
| cerbin
| raven
|-
| cinerea
| [[Ilyocoris]]
|-
| coram
| lion
|-
| col
| [[Wikipedia:Col|col]], mountain pass
|-
| craag
| [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/crag crag]?
|-
| creasa
| must, necessity, obligation, inevitability
|-
| crevan
| fox
|}

=== D <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| [[d'yaebl]]
| devil (in [[The Witcher (computer game)|game]] both a [[D'yaebl (sword)|sword]] and a [[D'yaebl (wolf)|wolf]] bear this name)
|-
| dearg
| red
|-
| dearme
|  sleep; good night (phrase)
|-
| deireádh
| end (noun)
|-
| deith
| flame
|-
| deithwen
| white flame
|-
| dh’oine
| human (in [[The Witcher (computer game)|game]] also in form ''dh'oinne'')
|-
| dhu
| black
|-
| dice
| say; to speak
|-
| dol
| dale; dell; vale; valley
|-
| drieschot
| triangle
|-
| dwimmer
| magic; sorcery
|}

=== E <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| easnadh
| sigh ([[ellylon]])
|-
| elaine
| fair, beautiful
|-
| ell
| alder
|-
| elle
| of alders, alder's
|-
| en
| indefinite article ''(a/an)''
|-
| en’leass
| laced, tied ([[ellylon]])
|-
| enid
| daisy
|-
| ensh’eass
| enchanting, enthralling, charming, glamourous ([[ellylon]])
|-
| ess
| be
|-
| esse
| will be
|-
| essea
| I am
|-
| esseath
| you are
|-
| evall
| horse
|-
| evellienn
| every, all
|}

=== F <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| feainn
| sun; also the sixth [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[feainnewedd]]
| Sun-Child, Child of the Sun
|-
| fen
| fen (a low marshy/frequently flooded area), wetlands
|-
| foilé
| frantic; mad
|-
| folie
| frenzy
|-
| fraeren
| brothers
|}

=== G <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| gar’ean
| note; consider
|-
| geas
| curse; [[Wikipedia:Geis|geis]] is a magical obligation/prohibition
|-
| gláeddyv
| sword
|-
| gleann
| bottom, low, valley
|-
| gleanna
| of valley
|-
| glosse
| look, observe?
|-
| gvalch’ca
| falconess
|-
| gwen, gwyn
| white (also ''-wen'')
|-
| gynvael
| ice
|}

=== H <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| hael
| greeting; health, safety, cure?
|-
| haela
| medicine; drug?
|-
| hanse
| Unit; group of friends
|-
| [[Havekar|hav’caaren]]
| [[hawker]](s); based on Elder Speech word for 'rapacious'
|-
| hen
| elder, old, oldest
|}

=== I <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| ichaer
| blood, gene
|-
| inis
| island
|-
| invaerne
| winter
|-
| ire
| other, another
|}

=== K <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| kelpie
| [[kelpie]]
|-
| Ker’zaer <ref name="notmentioned">in ''[[CD Projekt's The Witcher franchise|The Witcher]]'' game series</ref>
| Emperor ([[Nilfgaardian dialect]])
|}

=== L <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| laeke
| lake
|-
| lammas
| maturing
|-
| lara
| seagull
|-
| lionors
| lioness ([[Skellige dialect]])
|-
| llech
| stone
|-
| Loc’hlaith
| Lady of the Lake ([[ellylon]])
|-
| luned
| daughter / young girl
|}

=== M <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| me
| me, my, mine
|-
| meáth
| meet
|-
| mid-
| middle
|-
| milva
| [[Wikipedia:Red kite|Red kite]]
|-
| minne
| love (noun)
|-
| mire
| look, observe?
|-
| mistle
| [[wikipedia:Waxwing|waxwing]], or [[wikipedia:Mistle Thrush|mistle thrush]], also one of the [[Rats]]
|-
| modron
| mother ([[Skellige dialect]])
|-
| morc
| book, tome
|-
| morvudd
| enemies
|-
| muire
| sea
|}

=== N <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| naev’de
| nine of
|-
| neén
| not
|}

=== P <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| pavienn
| ape
|-
| pest
| pestilence, plague, blight
|-
| pherian
| halfling, hobbit
|-
| pont
| bridge
|}

=== Q <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| que
| that
|-
| quirk, quirk
| phonetic representation of the sound sparrows make
|}

=== R <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| raenn
| run
|-
| rhena
| queen ([[Skellige dialect]])
|-
| ruadhri
| raiders ([[ellylon]])
|-
| Roethainne <ref name="notmentioned" />
| Redanian
|}

=== S <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| saov
| spirit, soul, ghost? (See: [[Wikipedia:Samhain#Etymology]])
|-
| [[savaed]]
| One eighth of the year in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[scoia'tael|scoia’tael]]
| squirrel(s)
|-
| seidh
| mound, hill
|-
| seidhe
| of mounds, mound's
|-
| shaent
| sing
|-
| sidh
| elf ([[dryad dialect]])
|-
| sledd
| sled
|-
| sor’ca
| little sister
|-
| spar
| shoot (verb)
|-
| spar’le
| shoot him
|-
| squaess
| excuse; forgive
|-
| stráede
| road, path
|}

=== T <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| taedh
| bard, poet
|-
| tearth
| fear
|-
| tedd
| time, age, season
|-
| thaesse
| shut up
|-
| tir
| land
|-
| tirth
| wild boar
|-
| tor
| tower
|-
| tuathe
| wisper ([[ellylon]])
|-
| tvedeane
| twelve, dozen
|}

=== V <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| va
| go
|-
| va faill
| goodbye, farewell
|-
| vara
| ware; goods?
|-
| vatt’ghern
| [[witcher]]
|-
| veloë
| fast, quick; quickly
|-
| voe’rle
| stop, halt?
|-
| vort
| further, away (from oneself), still
|}

=== W <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| wedd
| child
|-
| weddien
| diminutive form of 'wedd', child; kiddo
|-
| wen
| white (also as -wen)
|-
| woed, woéd, woedd
| wood; forest
|}

=== Y <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| yeá
| so, yes
|-
| yghern
| [[Giant centipede]]
|-
| yn
| on, over, upon
|-
| ys
| downward
|}

=== Z <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ===
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| zireael
| swallow (bird)
|-
| zvaere
| swear (to take an oath)
|}

== Names <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ==
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| [[Aedd Gynvael]]
| Shard of Ice
|-
| Aenyeweddien
| [[Iskra|Fire Child]]
|-
| [[Aen N'og Mab Taedh'morc|Aen N’og Mab Taedh’morc]]
| "Practices for a Young Bard"
|-
| [[Aen Elle]]
| Alder Folk
|-
| [[Aen Saevherne]]
| [[Sage]]
|-
| [[Aen Seidhe]]
| Mound Folk
|-
| [[Aen Woedbeanna]]
| Woman of woods, dryad
|-
| Aenyell’hael
| Baptism of fire, also the name of a [[Baptism of Fire|novel]]
|-
| Aevon y Pont ar Gwennelen
| River of Alabaster Bridges, [[Pontar (river)|Pontar]]
|-
| [[Ard Carraigh]]
| High Rock
|-
| [[Belleteyn]]
| blossoming
|-
| [[Birke]]
| Spring [[equinox]]; the fourth [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[Ban Ard]]
| Upper (peak?)
|-
| [[Ban Gleán]]
| Lower (peak)?
|-
| Brokiloén
| [[Brokilon]]
|-
| [[Caed Dhu]]
| Black Forest/Grove
|-
| [[Caed Myrkvid]]
| Myrkvid Forest/Grove
|-
| Caer a’Muirehen
| Old Sea Keep; Keep of the Elder Sea ([[Blood of Elves]] , UK); [[Kaer Morhen|Witchers' fortress]]
|-
| [[Ceann Treise]]
| a cascade in [[Brokilon]]; meaning uncertain, possibly "headstrong"?
|-
| [[Conynhaela]]
| a magical cure which enables the rapid regeneration damaged or broken bones
|-
| [[Craag An]]
| once a village, now a necropolis in [[Brokilon]]; meaning uncertain
|-
| Dol Adalatte
| Valley of [[Adalatte]]-river
|-
| [[Dol Blathanna]]
| Valley of the Flowers
|-
| [[Duén Canell]]
| The Place of the Oak
|-
| [[Glyswen]]
| White River
|-
| [[Gwenllech]]
| river: White Stones
|-
| [[Gwynbleidd]]
| White Wolf
|-
| Imbaelk
| [[Imbolc]], germination; the third [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[Lammas]]
| maturing; the seventh [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| Mear’ya
| Maria, Mary (for some reason brings not so nice connotations<ref>The ''[[Baptism of Fire]]'', chapter one</ref>)
|-
| Midaëte
| [[Midsummer]]
|-
| Midinvaerne
| [[Midwinter]]
|-
| [[Saovine]]
| 'Soul day'?; the first [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[Tor Lara]]
| [[Tower of Gulls]]
|-
| [[Tor Zireael]]
| Tower of the Swallow, Swallow's Tower
|-
| [[Velen (savaed)|Velen]]
| autumn [[equinox]]; the eighth [[savaed]] in the [[elven calendar]]
|-
| [[Vrihedd]]
| Freedom?
|-
| [[Cintra|Xin'trea]]
| Cintra in Elder Speech.
|}

== Phrases <span style="float:right;">[[File:Up-Arrow-Icon.svg|22px|link=#Dictionary|Top of page]]</span> ==
{| cellpadding="5" width="95%" class="sortable" style="margin:auto; border-color: #394147; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid;"
|-
! width=180  class="unsortable" | Elder Speech
! class="unsortable" | English
|-
| Aen me Glaeddyv, zvaere a Bloedgeas, Ard Rhena, Lionors Aep Xintra!
| By my Sword, I swear a Blood Oath, the Highest Queen, Lioness of Cintra! ([[Skellige dialect]])
|-
| A d’yaebl aép arse
| Into devil's ass
|-
| Ceádmil, Wedd Brokiloéne!
| Greetings, Child of Brokilon!
|-
|Caelm, evellienn!
|Calm down, everyone!
|-
|Caen me a'baethe?
|Give me a kiss?
|-
| Dubhenn haern am glândeal, morc’h am fhean aiesin
| My glare will pierce through darkness, my brightness will scatter the shadow
|-
|Elaine tedd a'taeghane
|Lovely weather we're having.
|-
| Ess’creasa, sor’ca
| It's necessary, little sister
|-
| Ess'tedd, esse creasa 
| It's time, it is necessary
|-
|Ess've vort shaente aen…
|Sing me a song about...
|-
| Duettaeánn aef cirrán Cáerme Gláeddyv. Yn á esseáth
| The Sword of Destiny has two edges. You are one of them
|-
|Gar'ean! N'te va!
|''Watch out! Don't go in there!''
|-
| Glaeddyv vort, beanna
| Drop the sword, woman
|-
| Glaeddyvan vort!
| Drop the swords!
|-
| Ire lokke, ire tedd
| Another place, another time
|-
| Lambert cáen me a’báeth aep arse
| [[Lambert]] can kiss my ass
|-
|M'aespar que va'en, ell'ea?
|Are you going to shoot me, or what?
|-
|Mir'me vara
|Show me your goods.
|-
|N'aen aespar a me
|Don't shoot me.
|-
|Naev'de aen tvedeane
|Ten a dozen.
|-
|N'te dice'en
|Don't say anything.
|-
| Que’ss aen me dicette, Enid? Vorsaeke’llan? Aen vaine?
| What [would you say / are you saying??] to me, Daisy? Forsake them? In vain?
|-
| Squass’me
| Excuse me; forgive me
|-
|Va'en aesledde, ell'ea?
|We'll go for a sleigh ride, all right?
|-
| Va’esse deireádh aep eigean, va’esse eigh faidh’ar
| Something ends, something begins
|}

== Notifications ==
<references/>

[[Category:Languages]]
[[Category:Pages with tables]]

[[de:Alte Sprache]]
[[el:Αρχαία Διάλεκτο]]
[[fr:Langage ancien]]
[[it:Lingua Antica]]
[[pl:Starsza Mowa]]